General
index
Indo-Aryan, Nuristani,
Iranian
Armenian
Greek
Latin
Germanic
Lithuanian,
Latvian, Old Prussian
Slavic
Albanian
Caucasian
languages
General
linguistics
Indo-Aryan
Vedic
Sanskrit
híraṇya- ‘gold’: what morphology? *g1hlh3-en-
+ *-yo-? 2009b:
11 and fn. 47.
Late
Sanskrit
āṣādhīya- ‘of āṣāḍha- month (June/July)’: the meaning
‘apricot’ is a Dardic innovation: 2009b:
13 fn. 61.
cīḍā- ‘turpentine tree’: see Other Old Indo-Aryan.
Other Old
Indo-Aryan
especially
OIA prototypes in Turner’s
dictionary when not attested in Sanskrit
cīḍa-, *cīda-, *cīlā-, cillā-, etc. (Turner 4837: various tree names):
perhaps members of an expressive word family for ‘sticky, oily, thick’,
‘gummy
matter’, etc., and *‘exuding resin’, *‘exuding gum’. 2009b: 13-14.
Modern
Indo-Aryan
Intervocalic
ṭ, ḍ > ṛ in most languages, r in
some of them: 2009b: 14 fn.
69.
Lahnda
hāṛhī ‘apricot’: from Dardic substratum. 2009b: 13.
Himachali
Bhadrawahi
loans from Kashmiri: 2009b:
12 fn. 55.
Dardic
Languages
‘apricot’: 2009b: 11-16.
Nuristani
‘apricot’: 2009b: 11-16.
Iranian
Common
Iranian
*dzaranya- ‘gold’: see Vedic híraṇya-.
Modern
Eastern Iranian Languages
‘apricot’: 2009b: 11-16.
Latin
persica: the
coupled designation of ‘peach’ as ‘Persian fruit’ and ‘apricot’ as
‘Armenian
fruit’ in Greek and Latin is probably a calque from Parthian (whose
empire was
located between Persia and Armenia). 2009b:
8 fn. 33.
porrō
‘further, onwards’: not inherited from IE, but borrowed from dialectal
(Euboean) Greek πόρρω < πόρσω, since the latter is best explained from πρόσω < *protyō (Chantraine, DELG, s. v.).
Germanic
Gothic fairra, English far: from
IE *pérrē < *pérh2-eh1
‘beyond’, instrumental singular of
*pérh2-o- (adj.) ‘situated
beyond’. (Slight modification of
García Ramón’s etymology.) 2009b:
20 fn.
89-90.
Gemination in some adverbs of
movement: perhaps by analogy of inn,
where it may have been a means of giving the word more weight. 2009b: 21 fn. 92.
Have there been contacts between the
Germanic and Armenian dialects of Indo-European? 2009b: 21.
Caucasian
languages
Georgian
č’erami წერამი ‘apricot’: from a dialectal variant
*čeran of Armenian ciran ‘apricot’; m after aṭami ატამი ‘peach’. 2009b:
10.
General
linguistics
Derived adjective, substantivized,
substituting its base-noun (as in Latin diurnum,
fāgeus > Italian giorno ‘day’,
faggio ‘beech’): 2009b:
1-2, 12 n. 54.
Name of tree used as name of fruit: 2009b: 15-16.